Worked examples — addition and subtraction within 20

Worked examples — addition and subtraction within 20

Worked examples

Here are five small puzzles, solved step by step. Read slowly and try each one before you peek.

Example 1 — adding without crossing the ten

Find 6 + 3.

6 + 3 = 9.

Both numbers are small, the answer stays under ten. Easy as pie.

Example 2 — adding with the make-ten trick

Find 7 + 6.

Take 3 from the 6 to make the 7 into 10.

7 + 3 = 10. Then 10 + 3 = 13.

So 7 + 6 = 13.

Example 3 — subtracting without crossing the ten

Find 18 − 5.

18 − 5 = 13.

The ones digit drops from 8 to 3. The tens digit stays at 1.

Example 4 — subtracting with the down-to-ten trick

Find 15 − 8.

Go from 15 down to 10 — that is 5 steps.

You still need to take 3 more (because 8 − 5 = 3).

10 − 3 = 7. So 15 − 8 = 7.

Example 5 — find the missing number

What goes in the box? 9 + ☐ = 14.

Start at 9. Count up to 14: "10, 11, 12, 13, 14" — that is 5 steps.

The box is 5.

Check: 9 + 5 = 14. Correct!

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